ARCHAEOLOGISTS have uncovered the 1,700-year-old tomb of the earliest known ruler of the ancient Maya city of Caracol.
The tomb of Te K’ab Chaak, who once ruled over what is now modern-day Belize, was filled with a trove of ancient burial items.
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A number of impressive objects, including 11 pottery vessels, jadeite jewellery, a mosaic jadeite mask and Pacific spondylus shells, were found at the burial site, which dates back to around 350 AD.
As is typical for Maya funerary masks, the one found – though broken – was made by fitting together small pieces of jadeite, a precious green stone, into a mosaic pattern.
The discovery of Te K’ab Chaak’s tomb provides new insights into the origins of Maya dynastic rule and early regional interactions in Mesoamerica.
After more than four decades of excavation, married archaeologists Arlen F. Chase and Diane Z. Chase from the University of Houston made a breakthrough.
This marks the first time a Caracol king has been identified.
Te K’ab Chaak became ruler in around 331 AD, founding the royal dynasty of Caracol – a major Maya metropolis until its abandonment by 900 AD.
The Chases believe that Te K’ab Chaak was of advanced age at the time of his death.
He stood around 5 feet 7 inches tall, according to their estimations.
Te K’ab Chaak’s tomb was located at the base of a royal family shrine.
Archaeologists uncovered a cremation burial containing the remains of three individuals, dating back to around 350 AD.
The tomb also held items from central Mexico, including knives, obsidian blades and atlatl points.
The discovery comes just over a month after an ancient Mayan city was discovered by archaeologists in northern Guatemala.
The nearly 3,000-year-old remains include remarkable pyramids and monuments that appear to be “sculpted with unique iconography”.
This ancient city, named Los Abuelos – the Spanish for “The Grandparents” – once stood around 13 miles from the significant archaeological site of Uaxactún, according to Guatemala’s culture ministry.
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Los Abuelos gets its name from two human-like sculptures of an “ancestral couple” found there.
These figures “could be linked to ancient ritual practices of ancestor worship”, the ministry added.
The city is likely to have been “one of the most ancient and important ceremonial centres” of Mayan civilisation.
Meanwhile, another ancient Mayan city was discovered deep inside a dense jungle within the Balamkú ecological reserve in the Mexican state of Campeche.
Named Ocomtún – which means “stone column” in Yucatec Maya – the city was hailed as a “monumental” discovery by Mexican authorities in 2023.
The settlement dates between around 250 AD and 1000 AD.
Ocomtún boasts remains of several massive pyramid-like structures, three plazas with “imposing buildings”, numerous stone columns and other cylindrical structures.
One pyramid is estimated to have stood as tall as 82 feet, towering over the surrounding jungle.
Who were the ancient Maya?
THE Maya were an ancient, indigenous Mesoamerican civilisation that inhabited present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras and El Salvador.
Flourishing for over two millennia – from around 2000 BC until the Spanish conquest in the 16th century AD – they developed one of the most sophisticated cultures in the ancient Americas.
The Maya are celebrated for their achievements in architecture, mathematics, astronomy, art and writing.
They built vast cities with tall step pyramids and palaces and also created intricate jadeite masks and objects.
Their writing system, known as Maya hieroglyphs, was one of the most complex in the pre-Columbian Americas, used to record historical events, religious texts and royal genealogies.
Maya mathematicians independently developed the concept of zero and used an advanced vigesimal system.
This enabled them to produce highly accurate calendars.
The Maya were conquered and destroyed by the Spanish invaders in around 1600 AD.
But millions of Maya still live today in their ancestral homeland, preserving their languages and traditions.
