Web browsers didn’t start as search engines or assistants — they were simple tools for loading web pages. Over the decades, they’ve picked up tabs, extensions, built-in search, and other features that turned them into hubs for online lives.
Now, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered browsers take the next step. They summarize content, answer questions, and try to anticipate what a user needs. Although they can offer smart results and save time, that convenience comes with new privacy and security risks.
What Is an AI Browser?
An AI browser acts like a standard web browser, but it has an artificial intelligence layer that can read and interact with web content on behalf of the user. Instead of loading pages, it can interpret text, pull the important bits, answer questions in plain language, and carry out multiple tasks that used to require several tables and searches.
It’s easier to think of them as a hybrid between a normal browser and a conversational assistant. These tools combine traditional page rendering with a chat interface that summarizes articles, cites sources, and follows up on questions. They aim to shrink research into a few quick prompts instead of dozens of clicks.
An Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research poll found that 60% of Americans find information with AI at least some of the time, so AI browsers capitalize on this demand. Examples already in use include Perplexity’s Comet and ChatGPT’s Atlas. Their key features include:
- Summarization: Condenses long articles into a scannable summary
- Conversational search: Can ask follow-up questions, clarify results, and refine queries
- Task automation: Automates routine actions like filling forms, extracting data from multiple pages, creating drafts, or compiling lists from search results.
Each of these features changes how people browse. Tasks that once took time are faster, but they also shift control to the browser’s AI layer.
The Core Risks
Every page a user opens, query they type, or snippet the AI summarizes can become data that the browser processes and, depending on the setting, forwards to external AI servers. This information can include browsing history, page content, form inputs, and search queries — data that attackers or third parties could use if it leaves their device.
This ability creates an entirely new attack surface. For example, attackers can craft web content that appears harmless but contains instructions that trick the assistant into performing actions or revealing sensitive information — a class of flaws known as prompt-injection. Security audits have shown that AI browsers are vulnerable to indirect prompt-injection attacks, which can enable a malicious page to escalate privileges or access authenticated sessions.
Another security risk is data poisoning. If the AI’s knowledge base is built from web content, attackers can seed false documents to skew model behavior, which later influences its outputs. Recent analysis shows model poisoning can be effective even against large language models (LLMs). When injecting only 250 malicious pages into LLMs with 13B parameters, the experiment demonstrated success in altering the outputs. As a result, AI browsers can be just as vulnerable as LLMs indefinitely.
LLMs are also prone to producing plausible but incorrect results known as hallucinations. In an AI browser that acts on the user’s behalf — whether drafting emails or filling forms — those plausible-sounding mistakes can produce real harm. It may provide incorrect instructions or advice. Researchers and practitioners have documented instances where model errors led to serious operational failures and misleading outputs.
The Case For and Against AI Browser Use
AI browsers can make everyday web tasks noticeably faster and more accessible. They turn long articles into quick summaries, let people ask follow-ups, and can automate repetitive browsing tasks. All of it helps productivity and makes the web easier to use for people with different needs. Because it makes users’ lives easier, adoption is already substantial. In fact, 63% of websites now receive at least some traffic from AI chatbots.
However, those gains also concentrate data, decision-making, and trust inside a single, often opaque layer. In short, convenience and power are being handed to software that users don’t fully control or can’t easily audit.
These problems can create complications for everyday users because they increase the likelihood of private searches being exposed or misused. For employees who use it, it creates brittle dependencies. Compounding the risk is the fact that many remote workers already lack basic security awareness, with nearly 25% of remote employees not understanding their device’s security protocols. People may stop double-checking automated outputs, and small model errors can cascade into costly mistakes.
Given those consequences, the rational choice today is caution. AI browsers should not be a blanket replacement for regular browsing or sensitive workflows. Its use should be limited and treated as something to verify before acting.
How to Use AI Browsers Safely
When a person decides to use an AI browser, they should limit what they give it by using the following steps:
- Use a traditional browser for sensitive tasks, such as banking, email, and health portals. For instance, avoid signing into a financial account to prevent a breach.
- Create a dedicated account for your AI browser profile and protect it with a unique password and multi-factor authentication.
- Audit and limit permissions. Grant the AI browser only the minimum access it needs and review the privacy policy before allowing off-device processing.
- Verify, then trust. Don’t act on automated outputs without a quick check, and treat outputs as drafts that need human review.
- If the product allows it, review and delete stored query history and cached page content. Prefer products that will enable users to opt out of using their content for model training and that publish a clear data retention policy.
- Require vendor transparency if deploying for a team. Demand independent security audits, a clear threat model, and written guarantees about what data is sent off-device. Avoid rolling out AI browsers to employees until those controls are in place.
Think Twice Before Letting AI Browse for You
AI browsers promise faster, smarter browsing. Yet, they also bring uncertainty. Use these tools thoughtfully rather than reflexively and keep a slight skepticism handy. A cautious, measured approach will serve users better than blind enthusiasm.
