World Sustainable Transport Day falls on 26th of November, as decided by the UN, and is dedicated to reminding us that “the road to a better future depends on cleaner and greener transportation systems.” With freight transportation contributing approximately eight percent of global greenhouse emissions, it is clear that the logistics industry has a responsibility to choose and develop more sustainable transport options. But what might these look like, and what are some first steps to take?
What does sustainable transport mean in a logistics context?
The UN has in the past defined sustainable transport as that which achieves “better integration of the economy while respecting the environment. improving social equity, health, resilience of cities, urban-rural linkages and productivity of rural areas.”
This wide-reaching definition might not be applicable in every situation, with the social equity mission of sustainable transport often more closely tied to public transportation than logistics. For businesses, choosing transport methods that are energy-efficient and affordable, with as low emissions as possible and no negative effects on the community, might be a better way to think of “sustainable transport”. It might not be an overnight fix of “swapping” to sustainable transport, but rather a process of refining your current transport methods over time to minimise environmental impact.
Incorporating sustainability into your logistics operation will look different depending on what type of transportation you use: road, rail, air or sea. It will also depend on the form of logistics business you operate. A fulfilment company, for example, is perhaps better suited to focus on packaging waste and choosing carriers who use sustainable transportation methods, whilst a fleet operator will have to drive sustainability through their own vehicles and drivers.
Ways to improve the sustainability of your transport:
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Choose electric vehicles
Electric vehicles (EV) are perhaps the most common example of sustainable transport, but there is a high level of variability in just how sustainable they are. A lot will depend on the source of the electricity that powers them. A best case scenario is Norway, Europe’s largest electric vehicle market, where the nation draws most of its energy from hydropower, a sustainable fuel source. In the UK, the picture is less clear cut, as the electricity used will come from a variety of sources, including wind and other renewables but also the fossil fuel natural gas. However, regardless of electricity source, EVs are a more sustainable option than petrol powered vehicles, because they are more energy-efficient and emit zero exhaust emissions.
As well as electricity, there are other alternatives to diesel and petrol that can be used to power road and sea freight transport. One of these is biofuel, which is produced from organic matter like vegetable fats. The Mercedes Formula One team has recently achieved 98 percent biofuel coverage for its logistics operation for the European season – proving the viability of biofuel vehicles as a more sustainable transport option. Natural gas is another alternative fuel option, with this cleaner burning gas available to use in its liquified or compressed form to power HGVs. Hydrogen power also has the power to decarbonise heavy industry and transportation, with much research ongoing in this area.
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Optimise delivery and routing schedules
By optimising delivery routes and schedules, logistics operations can minimise fuel consumption and emissions. Advanced route planning software that factors in real-time traffic data, road conditions, and vehicle capacity to find the most efficient paths, can reduce time spent on the road and therefore overall emissions. Drivers can also be trained in ‘eco-driving’ to improve fuel efficiency, with companies like GXO Logistics and Matalan making sure that their fleets are trained in these practices for maximally environmentally responsible deliveries. Measures like this not only enhance sustainability but also increase delivery speed and reduce operational costs.
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Reduce air and water pollution
Logistics transport can become unsustainable because of air and water pollution, through vehicle emissions and improper waste disposal. Implementing best practices, such as regular vehicle maintenance to minimise emissions and adherence to strict waste disposal guidelines, can mitigate these effects. Additionally, leaders should consider investing in technologies that reduce emissions and pollutants, such as exhaust gas recirculation systems and particulate filters.
Transitioning to more sustainable transport options is not just beneficial for the environment—it’s crucial for staying competitive in today’s market. By adopting electric vehicles, using alternative fuels, optimising delivery routes, and reducing pollution, logistics leaders can significantly improve their sustainability efforts. This World Sustainable Transport Day, celebrate what you are already doing to “green” your logistics – and consider further innovations that may be possible…
