Ghana is finally moving to regulate crypto.
For years, crypto firms operated in a legal grey zone, not banned, not approved, just tolerated, but now the Bank of Ghana plans to send a licensing framework to parliament by September 2025.
State of play: That era of crypto’s legal limbo began with warning public notices in 2018 and 2022, where the central bank instructed commercial banks and licensed financial institutions to steer clear of crypto-related transactions. Still, crypto thrived in the shadows, unregulated, and running on informal platforms and peer-to-peer (P2P) channels. Between July 2023 and June 2024, Ghanaians moved $3 billion worth of crypto.
Like Nigeria and South Africa, Ghana has accepted a basic truth that crypto isn’t going anywhere, and ignoring it won’t make it disappear. Now, the central bank wants to license local platforms and bring activity into the light.
What will this new law do? The crypto law will track money flows, regulate digital assets used by millions, boost cross-border trade, attract strategic investment and improve financial data.
Ghana bets that this new regulation will convince users to switch from untraceable P2P channels to regulated players, making it easier for the country to monitor transactions and harder for illicit money to move undetected. This move also pressures major global platforms like Binance, which powers most of Africa’s P2P trading, to either localise or leave.
Zoom out: Across the continent, countries are exploring how to regulate the crypto space. Ghana has joined the ranks of Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya, Seychelles, Mauritius, and the Central African Republic (CAR) to regulate cryptocurrency transactions in Africa. The Bank of Ghana’s decision to regulate cryptocurrency transactions shows a clear shift in its policy stance. While regulation alone will not eliminate the bank’s perceived risks of the digital asset, it introduces a foundation for control.
