Cooking oil is one of the most versatile ingredients in any kitchen, but not all oils are created equal. While it’s tempting to reach for olive oil every time, the truth is that different oils perform best under different conditions, and using the wrong one can make or break your dish.
Olive oil, for example, adds richness and depth to dressings and sautés as well as goodies like proteins and vegetables. But its smoke point is lower than other oils, making it a poor choice for high-heat cooking like frying or searing. If you’ve ever noticed a burnt or bitter flavor when cooking at high temperatures, your oil might be to blame. On the flip side, neutral oils like canola, avocado and grapeseed can handle more heat and deliver crispier, cleaner results.
It’s not just about temperature either. Some oils are better suited to baking, while others add flavor, texture or nutritional benefits when used raw. And if you’re confused by the many varieties of olive oil on the shelf — virgin, extra virgin, refined — you’re not alone. We spoke with culinary professionals to demystify which oils to use, when to use them and how to get the best results every time you step into the kitchen.
Whether you’re cooking, baking or just drizzling something over a salad, knowing the right oil for the job can elevate your food and make your meals taste better.
Most common oils and uses
Smoke point and flavor are the two big considerations to make when choosing an oil.
Guido Parrati, owner of Parla Come Mangi in Rapallo, Italy, is no stranger to cooking education. In addition to serving an impressively robust assortment of Italian delicacies in his iconic deli, Parrati also hosts seminars, tastings and showcases of local ingredients.
Beyond flavor profile, Parrati claims that the single most important aspect of an oil, at least when used for cooking, is its smoke point. A high smoke point indicates that the product can withstand higher temperatures before it begins to — you guessed it — smoke and break down.
This is important to keep in mind for proteins such as red meat that may require more heat and longer cooking times to break through tough exteriors and more fibrous insides. After all, if oil is the lubricating vessel to a perfect sear and/or crunch, you don’t want it to completely dissipate before the job’s done (or well done, if that’s your preference).
Here is a list of the most common oils used for cooking, provided in detail by Parrati (sans olive oil, which gets its own section after the jump).
Canola or vegetable
High smoke point oils like canola are good for seasoning cast-iron cookware.
Best for: Cooking, baking and frying
“Vegetable oil has a neutral, delicate flavor and a high smoke point, making it excellent for frying, sautéing and high-temperature cooking.” These oils also are ideal for seasoning your cast-iron cookware.
Sesame oil
Sesame oil is ideal for finishing.
Best for: Finishing
“Known for its strong, nutty flavor — especially when toasted — it’s great for finishing dishes to add depth and aroma, commonly used in Asian cuisine.”
Coconut oil
Coconut oil has a bold flavor and medium smoke point.
Best for: Cooking and baking
“With its distinctive, sweet and tropical flavor, it has a medium smoke point, making it suitable for cooking and finishing, especially in desserts or Asian-inspired dishes.”
Avocado oil
Avocado oil boasts a high smoke point.
Best for: Cooking, baking, and frying
“Delicate and buttery in taste, it has one of the highest smoke points, making it ideal for very high-heat cooking or frying. It’s also excellent raw as a finishing oil.
Sunflower or safflower oil
A neutral flavor makes safflower oil good for frying.
Best for: Cooking and frying
“It has a neutral flavor and a high smoke point, making it suitable for high-temperature cooking and frying.”
Olive oil: A guide
Like wine, olive oil flavor is subject to its terroir, climate and style of production.
Arguably the most popular and familiar of the bunch, olive oil can be treated a lot like wine with its diversity of fruit, terroir, climate and pairings.
New Zealand’s Allpress Olive Groves offers tastings on its Waiheke Island property for guests to identify and appreciate the flavor nuances of each bottle. This also includes olive oil blends, much like wine, that can enhance or temper flavors to create an outcome unlike anything on the market.
“Just like expertly blended wines or coffees, olive oil blends are crafted to offer a harmonious balance of flavors and aromas,” says Erin Butterworth, who oversees events and marketing for the brand. “Blending different olive varieties allows us to create oils that are rich in complexity, with tasting notes ranging from fruity and grassy to peppery and nutty.”
“This versatility makes them ideal for a variety of culinary applications, such as drizzling over salads, finishing dishes or enhancing baked goods. The art of blending ensures that each bottle delivers a consistent and delightful flavor profile, inviting creativity in the kitchen and elevating everyday meals,” she adds.
Types of olive oil
Extra virgin olive oil is the gold standard but, depending on your cooking needs, there are other, more affordable variations and blends worth considering.
Olive oil compared
| Type | What is it | Flavor | Smoke Point | Best Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extra Virgin | Highest quality. Made from cold-pressed olives with no chemical processing. | Bold, fruity | 375°F | Finishing, dipping, salads |
| Virgin | Made by cold pressing, but with slightly higher acidity and less intense flavor than EVOO | Mild | 390°F | Light sautéing, simple cooking |
| Pure/Classic | A blend of refined olive oil and a small amount of virgin or extra virgin olive oil | Neutral | 465°F | Frying, roasting |
| Light/Extra Light | Heavily refined oil with minimal flavor and color | Very neutral | 470°F | Baking, high-heat cooking |
Olive oil flavor profile
There are three distinct flavor dimensions found in most olive oils.
Fruity: “A delicate classic that everyone loves. Smooth and balanced, it gives an instant lift to any dish.” These oils are best used on salads and fresh vegetables as a finisher or part of a dressing
Nutty: “Creamy and nutty with a smooth finish. All the richness you crave — like butter, but better.” Choose nutty oils for baked goods, pastas, roasted vegetables and grilling meats.
Peppery: “Intense and with a serious bite. It’s a bold oil that makes its presence known.” Try peppery oils for dipping bread or finishing cooked vegetables and meat.
What to look for when buying olive oil
Checking the date on a bottle of olive oil before buying is a good practice.
While most mass-market olive oils will get the job done, they don’t always provide an exceptional tasting or cooking experience. Instead, Butterworth advises shoppers to keep four characteristics in mind as they meander through grocery or gourmet food store aisles.
- Freshness: “Think of olive oil as fruit juice — it’s best when fresh! Look for a harvest or ‘pressed on’ date stamped on the bottle. Aim for oil from the past 12–18 months and definitely within two years to get full flavor and health benefits.”
- Free fatty acids (FFA): “The FFA marker reveals how well the olives were handled post‑harvest and lower is better. By international standards, extra virgin olive oil must have an FFA below 0.8%. Some premium producers like us aim for below 0.3% to indicate exceptional quality.”
- Taste: “Everybody’s palate is different so the ideal oil for one person may not suit another. Sampling oils in‑store (via tastings or small bottles) helps you discover whether you prefer a bold, peppery varietal or a smoother, fruitier blend. It’s surprising how different they can taste.”
- Packaging quality: “Quality oils should be sold in dark glass, tin or opaque containers to protect them from light exposure, which degrades flavor and antioxidants. Be wary of clear plastic bottles or large bulk containers unless you go through them very quickly at home.”
Read more: Pantry Staples and Other Foods That Spoil Faster Than You’d Think
Creative uses for olive oil
Ceviche is one dish that puts olive oil front and center.
Olive oil use isn’t exclusive to cooking, baking and finishing. Maichol Morandi, executive chef of Lake Como’s Grand Hotel Victoria, refers to his favorite Vanini brand from Lenno as the protagonist of his cuisine. He concocts entire dishes around its wide range of flavor profiles.
“In our kitchens, we use and experiment with custom olive oil blends for new seasonal menu creations, ideal for achieving specific balances between smoke point, flavor and structure,” he says.
A few of chef’s favorite and most recent preparations include:
Coriander-infused olive oil for sea bass ceviche: “This oil is created using a cold-extraction technique that preserves its purity and elegance,” he says. “Fresh coriander leaves are blanched for a few seconds in hot water, then cooled in ice water to set their color. Once squeezed, the leaves are blended with a mixture of sunflower oil (for its neutrality) and olive oil.”
Dark chocolate desserts: “We add a drizzle of extra virgin olive oil infused with tonka bean to a dark chocolate dessert with figs and Maldon salt. It brings warm, balsamic aromas and surprises the palate with a sensual contrast.”
Raviolo: “In a raviolo filled with scampi and lime, a bergamot oil — made by infusing the zest — enhances the citrus freshness without relying on aggressive acidity.”
