Artificial intelligence has ceased to be a distant promise and has become a force that is already reorganizing companies, infrastructure, jobs, science and economic power. What we have seen so far is probably only part of the change, but it is enough to put governments before a difficult decision: regulating too soon can curb innovationdoing nothing can open up risks that are difficult to contain. In that middle ground, full of uncertainty, many countries are looking for their place with the tools they have.
That decision, however, is not made from the same starting point throughout the planet. Cutting-edge AI requires a combination that is difficult to replicate: abundant capital, access to chips, data centers, specialized talent, companies capable of scaling global products, and enough energy to sustain that infrastructure. The United States and China play a good part of that game from the center of the board. Argentina, on the other hand, does not have that same technological, financial and industrial scale, so its room for maneuver necessarily lies elsewhere.
Argentina does not seem to be trying to build its own OpenAI from scratch, nor compete with the great powers for the most sophisticated layer of AI. What is beginning to take shape is another strategy: turning the country into a attractive place for projectsinfrastructures and new business forms linked to this technology can be installed with fewer obstacles. This includes pieces that are less spectacular than a frontier model, but very relevant for this economy: energy, land, incentives, procedures, societies and operating rules.
Argentina’s formula to enter the world of AI
The Argentine president’s vision was condensed in an opinion article published in the Financial Times. Milei argued there that AI needs room to develop before becoming trapped by rules he considers premature, and linked that idea to the history of limited liability in modern capitalism. From that framework, he proposed a figure for companies operated by AI agents or robots, accompanied by a reduced corporate tax and attractive rules for shareholders. As we can see, the approach combines deregulation, corporate engineering and an open call for investment.
The legal support is in a bill from the Argentine National Executive Branch, dated May 29, 2026, which reforms the General Companies Law. The key is not just that you mention AI, but where you place it: within the framework that regulates how companies are born, operate and respond. The text introduces a figure called Automated Societydesigned for companies that develop their purpose through autonomous algorithmic systems or artificial intelligence agents. That is, the proposal brings AI to the societal field, not only to the technological debate.
Article 14 defines this figure quite clearly. “The Company of any of the types provided for in this law that develops its corporate purpose, through autonomous algorithmic systems or artificial intelligence agents, without requiring workers in a dependency relationship or human resources for its ordinary operation, will be considered an Automated Company.” The automation declaration, however, must be expressly stated in the statute and the name must include the expression “Automated.”
The project also attempts to resolve an unavoidable question: what happens if these systems cause damage. His initial response is in article 14 itself, where it is established that “the automated society responds with its assets against third parties for damages caused by their autonomous algorithmic systems or artificial intelligence agents.” The formula maintains the problem within a well-known logic of corporate law: the company is responsible, not the algorithm as if it were a person. On paper, therefore, automation does not eliminate responsibility, but rather channels it through society.
Javier Milei during his speech at CPAC 2025
The question is whether this answer is enough for all the scenarios that can be opened. The same project allows the partners to freely set the amount of share capital, so that the assets available to respond to third parties can become a decisive piece. It also remains to be seen how the decision chain would be tested when autonomous systems, third-party providers, shareholders, administrators and potential beneficial owners are involved. In a traditional company it can already be difficult to rebuild responsibilities; In a society operated by AI agents, that task can become considerably more complex.
The discussion does not end with liability for damages. The project combines strong statutory autonomy, limits on the capacity of registries to condition what is provided by law, Public registry files without accounting or economic information and room for the internal relations of certain companies to be subject to foreign law, although without affecting third parties or matters excluded by the text itself. Taken separately, those elements can be explained as business agility tools. Read together, they can also make Argentina an especially attractive place for external actors seeking to operate with less friction.
Milei does not mention Stargate Argentina in his opinion article, but the announcement helps to understand the type of country that the Government wants to project. OpenAI and Sur Energy presented it as a possible large AI infrastructure in Argentina, with very ambitious communication around investment, energy and computing capacity, just the pieces that any economy needs to enter this new technological phase. Even so, caution is mandatory: what we have documented is a letter of intent to explore the project. As far as we have been able to verify, there is no definitive location, date of construction, or construction started.
The measure of this bet will not be in how striking the legal figure is, but in its effects. Such a reform can open up economic activity and attract projects that perhaps would not come with a more rigid framework. But it can also remain a formal advantage if most of the value is decided, financed and is exploited outside the country. The point, therefore, is not only how many companies are created or how many advertisements are accumulated, but how much real profit ends up staying in Argentina.
Milei’s bet, therefore, is not only played in the text of a corporate reform. The stakes are something more difficult to measure: whether Argentina manages to convert that openness into its own capabilities or whether it ends up offering a comfortable framework for others to deploy technology, capital and risks from outside. AI forces you to make decisions, and doing nothing is also a decision. The question is whether this legal door will serve to enter the new economy or to remain on the threshold while others set the pace.
Images | Javier Milei (X) | Gage Skidmore
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